Hindi Verbs Malayalam Meaning

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• Malayalam has a canonical word order of SOV (subject–object–verb), as do other Dravidian languages. A rare OSV word order occurs in interrogative clauses when the interrogative word is the subject. Both adjectives and possessive adjectives precede the nouns they modify. Malayalam has 6 or 7 unreliable source? grammatical cases. Verbs are conjugated for tense, mood and aspect, but not for person, gender nor number except in archaic or poetic language. Example Questions for Phrasal Verbs with Answers: Directions (1-10): In each of the following questions one phrase has been given and it has been followed by four sentences. You have to find out in which of these sentences phrase has been used properly according to its meaning and mark your answer from the options denoted by a), b), c) and d).

  Loan words in Malayalam, excluding the huge number of words from Sanskrit and Tamil, originated mostly due to the centuries long interactions between the native population of Kerala and the trading (predominantly, spice trading) powers of the world. This included trading contacts with Arabia, Persia, Israel and China spanning millennia, and with European Colonial powers for several centuries.

  • 1European contributions
  • 2Middle East contributions

  European contributions[edit]

  Portuguese[edit]

  Most of the loan words from Portuguese language are for items which the native population lacked when the encounter with Portuguese empire happened from around the final years of the 15th century.Portuguese was the lingua franca in Africa, Brazil, South Asia and parts of South East Asia during the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries. The Portuguese Empire was the major ruling colonial power in South India during this period, they were first modern European power to encounter India on a large scale, and thus their language had a strong influence on Malayalam (similar to many other Indian languages).^[1]

  Malayalam	Malayalam Transliteration	Meaning	Original form
  ആയ	āya	Maid	aia
  അലമാര	alamāra	cupboard	armário
  അള്ത്താര	altāra	altar	altar
  അണ്ണാറ, അണ്ണാറച്ചക്ക	Annāra chakka	Pineapple	ananás
  അസേന്തി	asenthi	Assistant Priest (In a Parish)	assistente
  ബോർമ, ബോർമ്മ	Bōrmba	Oven / Furnace	forno
  കപ്പിത്താന്	capitān	captain	capitão
  ചാപ്പ	chāppa	plate, sheet of metal, seal for impression	chapa
  ചായ	chāya	tea	chá
  ചാവി	chāvi	key	chave
  ചാക്ക്‌	chākku	sack	saco
  ചങ്ങാടം	changādam	raft	jangada
  ഇസ്തിരി	isthiri	to iron, to press	estirar
  ഇസ്കൂള്	iskool	School	escola
  ജനാല	janāla	window	janela
  കളസം	kalasam	shorts/trouser	calção
  കപ്പേള	Kappela	Chapel	capela
  കാപ്പിരി	kāppiri	black, African	cafre
  കറൂപ്പ്	karoopp	A type of fish (Grouper)	garoupa
  കസേര	kasera	chair	cadeira
  കശുവണ്ടി	kasuvandi	cashew	caju
  കടലാസ്‌	kadalas	paper	cartaz
  കദ്രീഞ്ഞ	kadreenha	stool	cadeirinha
  കനാൽ	kanāl	canal	canal
  കൊന്ത	kontha	Rosary(count)	conta
  കോപ്പ	kōppa	cup, dish	copo
  കത്തോലിക്ക	katholikka	catholic	católica
  കൊവേന്ത	kovenda	convent	convento
  കുമ്പാരി	kumbāri	Godparents of your child/ children or Parents of your Godchild	compadre
  കുമ്പസാരം	kumbasāram	confession	confessar
  കുരിശ്‌	kurishu	Cross	cruz
  കുശിനി	kushini	kitchen	cozinha
  കുനീല്	kuneel	funnel	funil
  ടെറസ്സ്	terrass	rooftop terrace	terraço
  ലന്ത	lantha	Netherlands	Holanda
  ലത്തീൻ	latheen	Latin	Latim
  ലേലം	lelam	auction	leilão
  മരയ്ക്കാര്‍	maraikkar	seafarer, sailor, mariner	marinheiro
  മാമം	māmam	breast	mama
  മേശ	mesha	table	mesa
  മേസ്തിരി	mesthiri	foreman, supervisor of (e.g. construction) workers	mestre
  നോന	nōnā	Luso Indian lady	dona
  ഓസ്തി	ōsthi	Sacramental bread/ wafer	hóstia
  പക	paka	revenge	paga
  പാനോസ്	pānos	Fabrication works (Sheet metal works)	panos
  പാപ്പ	paappa	Pope	papa
  പാര	pāra	Crowbar	barra
  പാതിരി	pāthiri	priest, pastor	padre
  പാത്രം	paathram	dish, plate	prato
  പദ്രിഞ്ഞപ്പൻ	pardinhappan	God Father	padrinho
  പദ്രിഞ്ഞമ്മ	pardinhamma	God Mother	madrinha
  പപ്പാഞ്ഞി	Pappānhi	Christmas Father (Santa Claus)	Papai Noel
  പേന	pena	pen	pena
  പേര	pera	pear, guava	pera
  പിക്കാസ്	pikkās	Pickaxe	picão
  പീലാസ്	peelās	Godchild	afilhado
  പൂറ്	pooru	vagina	furo
  പ്രാക്ക്, പ്രാകുക	praakk (noun), praakuka (verb)	curse, to curse	praga
  പ്രവിശ്യ	pravishya	province	província
  പുർത്തുഗാൾ	purthugaal	Portugal	Portugal
  റാന്തല്	rānthal	lamp, lantern	lanterna
  റാത്തല്	rāthal	a Pound (1 lb.), weight of sixteen ounces (16 oz.)	arrátel
  റേന്ത	renda	lace work	renda
  റോസാ	rosa	Rose	rosa
  സാത്താന്	sāttān	satan	satan
  സവാള, സവോള	savāla	onion	cebola
  സെമിനാരി	semināri	seminary	seminario
  സെമിത്തേരി	semithery	cemetery, burial ground	cemitério
  തമ്പാക്ക്	thampākk	tobacco	tabaco
  താൾ	thaal	page of a book	talão
  തിര	thira	gun shot	tiro
  തീരുവ	theeruva	customs duty	tarifa
  തൊപ്പി	thoppi	hat	topo
  തുറുങ്ക്	thurunku	prison	tronco
  തൂവാല	thuvāla	towel	toalha
  നങ്കൂരം	nankooram	anchor (of ships)	âncora
  ലേസ്, കൈലേസ്	leis, kai-leis	kerchief, handkerchief	lenço
  വാത്ത	vātha	Goose	pato
  വാര	vāra	A measure (= 1 yard or 3 feet); Original meaning: rod, stick	vara
  വരാന്ത	varāntha	open porch	varanda
  വീപ്പ	veeppa	wooden cask, barrel	pipa
  വീഞ്ഞ്	Veenh	Wine	vinho
  വികാരി	vikāri	vicar	vigário
  വിനാഗിരി	vināgiri	vinegar	vinagre

  The Portuguese language had also taken some words from Malayalam, and they should not be confused vice versa.

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  Portuguese	Meaning	Original form	Malayalam transliteration
  jaca	jackfruit	ചക്ക	chakka
  manga	mango	മാങ്ങ	maanga
  betel	Betel	വെറ്റില	vettila
  teca	Teak	തേക്ക്	thekku
  jagra	Jaggery	ചക്കര	chakkara

  Dutch[edit]

  Malayalam	Malayalam Transliteration	Meaning	Original form
  അപ്പോത്തിക്കരി	Apothikari	Pharmacist	Apotheker
  അടുതാപ്പ്	Aduthappu	Potato	Aardappel
  കക്കൂസ്‌	kakkūs	Toilet	kakhuis
  കള്ക്ക്‌	Kalkku	turkey	Kalkoen
  കാപ്പി	Kaappi	coffee	Koffie
  കോക്കി	Kokki	Chef/ Cook	kokin
  തപാല്	Thapal	Post	Tapal, Tapaal

  English[edit]

  Malayalam	Malayalam Transliteration	Meaning	Original form
  മദാമ്മ	Madaama	A respectful woman	Madam/e
  മാഷ്	Maash	Teacher, guru	Master

  Middle East contributions[edit]

  Aramaic or East Syriac[edit]

  Suriyani Malayalam (or Karshoni), which used the East Syriac script to write Malayalam, was a popular medium of written communication among Saint Thomas Christians (Suriyani Christiani) in Kerala until the 19th century.^[2][3][4]

  

  Malayalam	Malayalam Transliteration	Meaning	Original Form
  നസ്രാണി	Nasrani	Follower of Jesus	Nasraya, Nasrani
  പെസഹ	Pesaha	Passover	Pesaha[3]
  മാലാഖ	Malakha	Angel	Malaka[2]
  കൂദാശ	Kudasha	Sacrament	Qudasha[2]
  മാമോദീസ	Mamodisa	Baptism	Mamodisa[2][3]
  സ്ലീവ	Sliva	Cross	Sliva[4]
  ഈശോ	Easow	Jesus	Iso\'[2]
  കുർബാന	Qurbana	Eucharist (for Holy Mass)	Qurbana[2]
  മിശിഹ	Mishiha	Anointed	Mishiha[2][3]
  ദുക്റാന	Dukrana	Remembrance	Dukrana
  കത്തനാർ	Kathanar	Syrian priest	Kasnar
  മാർ	Mar	Holy man, Saint	Mar
  റൂഹ	Rooha	Holy Spirit	Ruha
  ശ്ലീഹ	Shliha	Apostle	Shliha
  കബ്റാ	Kabar	Grave	Qabra

  Arabic[edit]

  The Arabic language contributes a large number of words into a dialect form of Malayalam that is spoken by the Muslim Mappila community of North Kerala.There are also some common words which are used throughout Kerala.There are more than 900 words taken from Arabic and commonly used in Malayalam.

  Malayalam	Malayalam Transliteration	Meaning	Original form
  ‌ആലം	aalam	world	عالم
  ബാക്കി	baaki	balance/remaining	باقي
  ബത്തക്ക	bathakka	watermelon	بطيخ
  ദുനിയാവ്	duniyaav	world	دنيا
  ഹാജർ	haajir	appear, attend, be present	حاضر
  ഹർജി	harji	petition	عريضة
  ഇഷ്ക്ക്	ishk	love	عشق
  ജപ്തി	japthi	confiscation	ضبطی
  ജില്ല	jilla	District	ضلعة
  കലാശം	kalaasham	final/ending	خلاص
  കത്ത്	kathth	letter	خط
  ഖല്‍ബ്	khalb	heart	قلب
  മാപ്പ്	maappu	sorry/apology	معاف
  മഹസ്സർ	mahassir	report	محضر
  മുഹബ്ബത്ത്	muhabbath	love	محبت
  മുസീബത്ത്	museebath	problem	مصيبة
  മൈതാനം, മൈതാനി	maithaanam, maithaani	a ground, an open space area, park	ميدان
  നക്കൽ	nakkal	copy (also can mean True copy)	نقل
  പത്തിരി	pathiri	Pathiri	فطيره
  പിഞ്ഞാണം	pinjaanam	bowl	فنجان
  റദ്ദ്	raddh	cancel/give back	رد
  സുൽത്താൻ	sulthan	king	سلطان
  താലൂക്ക്	taluk	administrative division	تعلّق
  തർജ്ജിമ	tarjima	translation	ترجمة
  വക്കാലത്ത്	wakalath	legal authorization	وكالة
  വക്കീൽ	vakeel	lawyer/attorney	وكيل
  ദല്ലാൾ	dallaal	mediator/broker	دلال

  Hebrew[edit]

  The Hebrew language contributes a large number of words into a dialect form of Judeo-Malayalam that is spoken by the Cochin Jewish community of Kerala.

  Malayalam Transliteration	Meaning	Original Form	Pronunciation
  alam	world	עולם	oˈlam
  aliya	ascension	עלייה	aliyá
  alva	sweet	חלבה	halvah
  ba	come	בא	ba
  beit kneset	synagogue	בית כנסת	beit-k\'néset
  Ivrit	Hebrew language	עברית	ivrít
  kabar	grave, tomb	קבר	kéver
  Mesren, Misri	Egypt, Egyptian	מצרים, מצרי	mitsráyim, mitsrí
  nivya	prophet	נביא	naví
  rabban, ramban	rabbi, teacher, monk	רבי	rabbi
  saith	olive	זית	záyit
  Sfarad, Sfaradi	Spain, Spaniard	ספרד, ספרדי	sfarad, sfaradi
  shalom	hello, peace	שלום	shalóm
  shalom ayi	death	שלום עליי	shalóm ali
  shir	song, music	שיר	shir
  sosanna	lily	שושן	shoshán
  tapuakh	apple	תפוח	tapúakh
  Tora	Torah	תורה	torá
  Yavan, Yavana	Greece, Greek (Likely to be derived from \'Ionian\', the Greeks who lived in Asia Minor)	יוון, יווני	yaván, yevani
  Yisrael, Yisraeli	Israel, Israeli	ישראל, הישראלי	yisra\'él, yisra\'éli
  Yuda, Yehudan	Jew, Jewish	יהודי	y\'hudí

  Persian[edit]

  There are a few words of Persian origin in Malayalam, though it is possible many of them could have been indirectly loaned from Urdu.

  Malayalam	Malayalam Transliteration	Source word	Original form	Meaning
  പറങ്കി	parangi	Farangi	فرنگی	Derived from \'Firangi\' or \'Frank\' (a Germanic tribe - that gave their name to France), a term that was used to denote all Europeans. Used however almost exclusively for the Portuguese in Kerala, probably because Parangi was mistaken for Portugali as they sound similar. Might have also been used for the Dutch initially
  ഗോതമ്പ്	godambu	Gandom; other possible sources are Gantuma in Avestan or Godhuma (गोधुम) in Sanskrit	گندم	Wheat
  ഗുമസ്തൻ	Gumasthan	Gomastha	???	Clerk [5]
  കീശ	keesha	Keesah	کیسه	Pocket
  കൂജ	kooja	Kuzah	کوزه	Water Jug

  See also[edit]

  References[edit]

  1. ^Dalgado, Sebastião Rodolfo (1988). Portuguese Vocables in Asiatic Languages: From the Portuguese Original of Monsignor Sebastião Rodolfo Dalgado. Asian Educational Services. ISBN9788120604131.
  2. ^ ^abcdefgA sacredlanguage is vanishing from State, The Hindu
  3. ^ ^abcdPrayer from the Past, India Today
  4. ^ ^ab[1], NasraniFoundation
  5. ^\'നമ്മുടെ മലയാളം\'. June 30, 2015. Retrieved June 26, 2017.
  Retrieved from \'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_loanwords_in_Malayalam&oldid=940055079\'
  ...'>Hindi Verbs Malayalam Meaning(07.03.2020)

• Malayalam has a canonical word order of SOV (subject–object–verb), as do other Dravidian languages. A rare OSV word order occurs in interrogative clauses when the interrogative word is the subject. Both adjectives and possessive adjectives precede the nouns they modify. Malayalam has 6 or 7 unreliable source? grammatical cases. Verbs are conjugated for tense, mood and aspect, but not for person, gender nor number except in archaic or poetic language. Example Questions for Phrasal Verbs with Answers: Directions (1-10): In each of the following questions one phrase has been given and it has been followed by four sentences. You have to find out in which of these sentences phrase has been used properly according to its meaning and mark your answer from the options denoted by a), b), c) and d).

  Loan words in Malayalam, excluding the huge number of words from Sanskrit and Tamil, originated mostly due to the centuries long interactions between the native population of Kerala and the trading (predominantly, spice trading) powers of the world. This included trading contacts with Arabia, Persia, Israel and China spanning millennia, and with European Colonial powers for several centuries.

  • 1European contributions
  • 2Middle East contributions

  European contributions[edit]

  Portuguese[edit]

  Most of the loan words from Portuguese language are for items which the native population lacked when the encounter with Portuguese empire happened from around the final years of the 15th century.Portuguese was the lingua franca in Africa, Brazil, South Asia and parts of South East Asia during the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries. The Portuguese Empire was the major ruling colonial power in South India during this period, they were first modern European power to encounter India on a large scale, and thus their language had a strong influence on Malayalam (similar to many other Indian languages).^[1]

  Malayalam	Malayalam Transliteration	Meaning	Original form
  ആയ	āya	Maid	aia
  അലമാര	alamāra	cupboard	armário
  അള്ത്താര	altāra	altar	altar
  അണ്ണാറ, അണ്ണാറച്ചക്ക	Annāra chakka	Pineapple	ananás
  അസേന്തി	asenthi	Assistant Priest (In a Parish)	assistente
  ബോർമ, ബോർമ്മ	Bōrmba	Oven / Furnace	forno
  കപ്പിത്താന്	capitān	captain	capitão
  ചാപ്പ	chāppa	plate, sheet of metal, seal for impression	chapa
  ചായ	chāya	tea	chá
  ചാവി	chāvi	key	chave
  ചാക്ക്‌	chākku	sack	saco
  ചങ്ങാടം	changādam	raft	jangada
  ഇസ്തിരി	isthiri	to iron, to press	estirar
  ഇസ്കൂള്	iskool	School	escola
  ജനാല	janāla	window	janela
  കളസം	kalasam	shorts/trouser	calção
  കപ്പേള	Kappela	Chapel	capela
  കാപ്പിരി	kāppiri	black, African	cafre
  കറൂപ്പ്	karoopp	A type of fish (Grouper)	garoupa
  കസേര	kasera	chair	cadeira
  കശുവണ്ടി	kasuvandi	cashew	caju
  കടലാസ്‌	kadalas	paper	cartaz
  കദ്രീഞ്ഞ	kadreenha	stool	cadeirinha
  കനാൽ	kanāl	canal	canal
  കൊന്ത	kontha	Rosary(count)	conta
  കോപ്പ	kōppa	cup, dish	copo
  കത്തോലിക്ക	katholikka	catholic	católica
  കൊവേന്ത	kovenda	convent	convento
  കുമ്പാരി	kumbāri	Godparents of your child/ children or Parents of your Godchild	compadre
  കുമ്പസാരം	kumbasāram	confession	confessar
  കുരിശ്‌	kurishu	Cross	cruz
  കുശിനി	kushini	kitchen	cozinha
  കുനീല്	kuneel	funnel	funil
  ടെറസ്സ്	terrass	rooftop terrace	terraço
  ലന്ത	lantha	Netherlands	Holanda
  ലത്തീൻ	latheen	Latin	Latim
  ലേലം	lelam	auction	leilão
  മരയ്ക്കാര്‍	maraikkar	seafarer, sailor, mariner	marinheiro
  മാമം	māmam	breast	mama
  മേശ	mesha	table	mesa
  മേസ്തിരി	mesthiri	foreman, supervisor of (e.g. construction) workers	mestre
  നോന	nōnā	Luso Indian lady	dona
  ഓസ്തി	ōsthi	Sacramental bread/ wafer	hóstia
  പക	paka	revenge	paga
  പാനോസ്	pānos	Fabrication works (Sheet metal works)	panos
  പാപ്പ	paappa	Pope	papa
  പാര	pāra	Crowbar	barra
  പാതിരി	pāthiri	priest, pastor	padre
  പാത്രം	paathram	dish, plate	prato
  പദ്രിഞ്ഞപ്പൻ	pardinhappan	God Father	padrinho
  പദ്രിഞ്ഞമ്മ	pardinhamma	God Mother	madrinha
  പപ്പാഞ്ഞി	Pappānhi	Christmas Father (Santa Claus)	Papai Noel
  പേന	pena	pen	pena
  പേര	pera	pear, guava	pera
  പിക്കാസ്	pikkās	Pickaxe	picão
  പീലാസ്	peelās	Godchild	afilhado
  പൂറ്	pooru	vagina	furo
  പ്രാക്ക്, പ്രാകുക	praakk (noun), praakuka (verb)	curse, to curse	praga
  പ്രവിശ്യ	pravishya	province	província
  പുർത്തുഗാൾ	purthugaal	Portugal	Portugal
  റാന്തല്	rānthal	lamp, lantern	lanterna
  റാത്തല്	rāthal	a Pound (1 lb.), weight of sixteen ounces (16 oz.)	arrátel
  റേന്ത	renda	lace work	renda
  റോസാ	rosa	Rose	rosa
  സാത്താന്	sāttān	satan	satan
  സവാള, സവോള	savāla	onion	cebola
  സെമിനാരി	semināri	seminary	seminario
  സെമിത്തേരി	semithery	cemetery, burial ground	cemitério
  തമ്പാക്ക്	thampākk	tobacco	tabaco
  താൾ	thaal	page of a book	talão
  തിര	thira	gun shot	tiro
  തീരുവ	theeruva	customs duty	tarifa
  തൊപ്പി	thoppi	hat	topo
  തുറുങ്ക്	thurunku	prison	tronco
  തൂവാല	thuvāla	towel	toalha
  നങ്കൂരം	nankooram	anchor (of ships)	âncora
  ലേസ്, കൈലേസ്	leis, kai-leis	kerchief, handkerchief	lenço
  വാത്ത	vātha	Goose	pato
  വാര	vāra	A measure (= 1 yard or 3 feet); Original meaning: rod, stick	vara
  വരാന്ത	varāntha	open porch	varanda
  വീപ്പ	veeppa	wooden cask, barrel	pipa
  വീഞ്ഞ്	Veenh	Wine	vinho
  വികാരി	vikāri	vicar	vigário
  വിനാഗിരി	vināgiri	vinegar	vinagre

  The Portuguese language had also taken some words from Malayalam, and they should not be confused vice versa.

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  Portuguese	Meaning	Original form	Malayalam transliteration
  jaca	jackfruit	ചക്ക	chakka
  manga	mango	മാങ്ങ	maanga
  betel	Betel	വെറ്റില	vettila
  teca	Teak	തേക്ക്	thekku
  jagra	Jaggery	ചക്കര	chakkara

  Dutch[edit]

  Malayalam	Malayalam Transliteration	Meaning	Original form
  അപ്പോത്തിക്കരി	Apothikari	Pharmacist	Apotheker
  അടുതാപ്പ്	Aduthappu	Potato	Aardappel
  കക്കൂസ്‌	kakkūs	Toilet	kakhuis
  കള്ക്ക്‌	Kalkku	turkey	Kalkoen
  കാപ്പി	Kaappi	coffee	Koffie
  കോക്കി	Kokki	Chef/ Cook	kokin
  തപാല്	Thapal	Post	Tapal, Tapaal

  English[edit]

  Malayalam	Malayalam Transliteration	Meaning	Original form
  മദാമ്മ	Madaama	A respectful woman	Madam/e
  മാഷ്	Maash	Teacher, guru	Master

  Middle East contributions[edit]

  Aramaic or East Syriac[edit]

  Suriyani Malayalam (or Karshoni), which used the East Syriac script to write Malayalam, was a popular medium of written communication among Saint Thomas Christians (Suriyani Christiani) in Kerala until the 19th century.^[2][3][4]

  

  Malayalam	Malayalam Transliteration	Meaning	Original Form
  നസ്രാണി	Nasrani	Follower of Jesus	Nasraya, Nasrani
  പെസഹ	Pesaha	Passover	Pesaha[3]
  മാലാഖ	Malakha	Angel	Malaka[2]
  കൂദാശ	Kudasha	Sacrament	Qudasha[2]
  മാമോദീസ	Mamodisa	Baptism	Mamodisa[2][3]
  സ്ലീവ	Sliva	Cross	Sliva[4]
  ഈശോ	Easow	Jesus	Iso\'[2]
  കുർബാന	Qurbana	Eucharist (for Holy Mass)	Qurbana[2]
  മിശിഹ	Mishiha	Anointed	Mishiha[2][3]
  ദുക്റാന	Dukrana	Remembrance	Dukrana
  കത്തനാർ	Kathanar	Syrian priest	Kasnar
  മാർ	Mar	Holy man, Saint	Mar
  റൂഹ	Rooha	Holy Spirit	Ruha
  ശ്ലീഹ	Shliha	Apostle	Shliha
  കബ്റാ	Kabar	Grave	Qabra

  Arabic[edit]

  The Arabic language contributes a large number of words into a dialect form of Malayalam that is spoken by the Muslim Mappila community of North Kerala.There are also some common words which are used throughout Kerala.There are more than 900 words taken from Arabic and commonly used in Malayalam.

  Malayalam	Malayalam Transliteration	Meaning	Original form
  ‌ആലം	aalam	world	عالم
  ബാക്കി	baaki	balance/remaining	باقي
  ബത്തക്ക	bathakka	watermelon	بطيخ
  ദുനിയാവ്	duniyaav	world	دنيا
  ഹാജർ	haajir	appear, attend, be present	حاضر
  ഹർജി	harji	petition	عريضة
  ഇഷ്ക്ക്	ishk	love	عشق
  ജപ്തി	japthi	confiscation	ضبطی
  ജില്ല	jilla	District	ضلعة
  കലാശം	kalaasham	final/ending	خلاص
  കത്ത്	kathth	letter	خط
  ഖല്‍ബ്	khalb	heart	قلب
  മാപ്പ്	maappu	sorry/apology	معاف
  മഹസ്സർ	mahassir	report	محضر
  മുഹബ്ബത്ത്	muhabbath	love	محبت
  മുസീബത്ത്	museebath	problem	مصيبة
  മൈതാനം, മൈതാനി	maithaanam, maithaani	a ground, an open space area, park	ميدان
  നക്കൽ	nakkal	copy (also can mean True copy)	نقل
  പത്തിരി	pathiri	Pathiri	فطيره
  പിഞ്ഞാണം	pinjaanam	bowl	فنجان
  റദ്ദ്	raddh	cancel/give back	رد
  സുൽത്താൻ	sulthan	king	سلطان
  താലൂക്ക്	taluk	administrative division	تعلّق
  തർജ്ജിമ	tarjima	translation	ترجمة
  വക്കാലത്ത്	wakalath	legal authorization	وكالة
  വക്കീൽ	vakeel	lawyer/attorney	وكيل
  ദല്ലാൾ	dallaal	mediator/broker	دلال

  Hebrew[edit]

  The Hebrew language contributes a large number of words into a dialect form of Judeo-Malayalam that is spoken by the Cochin Jewish community of Kerala.

  Malayalam Transliteration	Meaning	Original Form	Pronunciation
  alam	world	עולם	oˈlam
  aliya	ascension	עלייה	aliyá
  alva	sweet	חלבה	halvah
  ba	come	בא	ba
  beit kneset	synagogue	בית כנסת	beit-k\'néset
  Ivrit	Hebrew language	עברית	ivrít
  kabar	grave, tomb	קבר	kéver
  Mesren, Misri	Egypt, Egyptian	מצרים, מצרי	mitsráyim, mitsrí
  nivya	prophet	נביא	naví
  rabban, ramban	rabbi, teacher, monk	רבי	rabbi
  saith	olive	זית	záyit
  Sfarad, Sfaradi	Spain, Spaniard	ספרד, ספרדי	sfarad, sfaradi
  shalom	hello, peace	שלום	shalóm
  shalom ayi	death	שלום עליי	shalóm ali
  shir	song, music	שיר	shir
  sosanna	lily	שושן	shoshán
  tapuakh	apple	תפוח	tapúakh
  Tora	Torah	תורה	torá
  Yavan, Yavana	Greece, Greek (Likely to be derived from \'Ionian\', the Greeks who lived in Asia Minor)	יוון, יווני	yaván, yevani
  Yisrael, Yisraeli	Israel, Israeli	ישראל, הישראלי	yisra\'él, yisra\'éli
  Yuda, Yehudan	Jew, Jewish	יהודי	y\'hudí

  Persian[edit]

  There are a few words of Persian origin in Malayalam, though it is possible many of them could have been indirectly loaned from Urdu.

  Malayalam	Malayalam Transliteration	Source word	Original form	Meaning
  പറങ്കി	parangi	Farangi	فرنگی	Derived from \'Firangi\' or \'Frank\' (a Germanic tribe - that gave their name to France), a term that was used to denote all Europeans. Used however almost exclusively for the Portuguese in Kerala, probably because Parangi was mistaken for Portugali as they sound similar. Might have also been used for the Dutch initially
  ഗോതമ്പ്	godambu	Gandom; other possible sources are Gantuma in Avestan or Godhuma (गोधुम) in Sanskrit	گندم	Wheat
  ഗുമസ്തൻ	Gumasthan	Gomastha	???	Clerk [5]
  കീശ	keesha	Keesah	کیسه	Pocket
  കൂജ	kooja	Kuzah	کوزه	Water Jug

  See also[edit]

  References[edit]

  1. ^Dalgado, Sebastião Rodolfo (1988). Portuguese Vocables in Asiatic Languages: From the Portuguese Original of Monsignor Sebastião Rodolfo Dalgado. Asian Educational Services. ISBN9788120604131.
  2. ^ ^abcdefgA sacredlanguage is vanishing from State, The Hindu
  3. ^ ^abcdPrayer from the Past, India Today
  4. ^ ^ab[1], NasraniFoundation
  5. ^\'നമ്മുടെ മലയാളം\'. June 30, 2015. Retrieved June 26, 2017.
  Retrieved from \'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_loanwords_in_Malayalam&oldid=940055079\'
  ...'>Hindi Verbs Malayalam Meaning(07.03.2020)